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Military History – South Africa – Europe – England 19th Century
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Versailles peace conference of 1919 and was dismayed by the oppressive terms imposed on
Germany. He died later that year.
See also:
Bakenlaagte, Battle of; Bergendal, Battle of; Blood River Poort, Action at; Botha’s Pass, Action
at; Colenso, Battle of; Diamond Hill, Battle of; Spioenkop, Battle of; Vaalkrans, Battle of; Willow
Grange, Battle of.
Reference:
Hill, Darrell, ed. Fransjohan Pretorius and Gilbert Torlage, The Hall Handbook of the Anglo-Boer
War (Pietermarizburg, University of Natal Press, 1999); Reitz, Deneys, Commando (London,
Faber & Faber, 1929; Prescott, Arizona, Wolfe Publishing, 1994).
Botha’s Pass, Action at,
8 June 1900
The main line of communication and the obvious route by road and rail from northern Natal to
Johannesburg is by way of a pass called Langs Nek which the Boers assumed would be attacked.
After the relief of Ladysmith Sir Redvers Buller advanced north and the Boers fell back, first to the
Biggarsberg mountains and then to Langs Nek. On 2 June Buller met Commandant-general Louis
Botha’s brother, Christiaan to see if terms for peace could be negotiated. A three-day truce allowing
time for consultations with governments ended with no agreement. Buller, helped by the excellent
maps of the area and encouraged by Lord Roberts, had used the time to prepare artillery positions and
on 8 June surprised the Boers by attacking Botha’s Pass to the west. Having taken the pass, he then
turned north and outflanked the Boers at Langs Nek by taking Alleman Nek. The Boers withdrew,
blowing up the railway tunnel, but leaving the road to the Transvaal open.
The Royal Garrison Artillery, 16th Battery Southern Division, had joined Buller south of the
Tugela River in January and played a key part in this action. Two of their 5-inch guns with right-half
Battery were taken to Inkwelo, the large hill south of Majuba and Langs Nek, while the two guns of
left-half Battery were hauled up Van Wyk Hill. At 10 a.m. on 8 June they opened fire, the former on
Langs Nek to keep the Boers there and the latter on Botha’s Pass to cover the actual attack. Within
three hours the pass was taken but the Boers had fallen back and were putting down heavy rifle fire
over the plain beyond it. The artillery raised its sights and brought fresh fire down on their enemies.
By 4 p.m. resistance had ceased and Buller bivouacked with his troops beyond the pass in the Orange
Free State that night.
The next day men and supplies moved up the pass and on 10 June the advance resumed. The
Boers made a last attempt to forestall Buller’s progress the next day which saw action at Alleman
Nek, five miles (8km) west of Volkrust. Buller was reunited with Lieutenant-general C. F. Clery’s
2nd Division in Volkrust three days later, having demonstrated supreme skill as a field commander.
See also:
Alleman Nek, Action at; Helpmekaar, Action at; Maps.
Reference:
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