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Military History – South Africa – Europe – England 19th Century
.Article – Online Historic Information | Military
.Page 57
Archibald Constable, 1902); Pakenham, Thomas, The Boer War (London, Weidenfeld &
Nicolson, 1979; Abacus, 1992); Reitz, Deneys, Commando (London, Faber & Faber, 1929; Prescott,
Arizona, Wolfe Publishing, 1994).
Cape Town
The capital of Cape Colony at the south-western corner of the colony, some 1,000 miles (1,600km)
from Pretoria, the capital of the Boer South African Republic (the Transvaal). Cape Town was a
major supply port for the British, with men, goods and animals being transported onwards by rail.
The prisoner-of-war camps of Green Point and Simon’s Town were set up nearby.
Casualties
Casualties in warfare include those killed in action, those who later die of wounds, those who are
wounded and those taken prisoner. As the wounded may suffer small injuries and soon be restored to
the fighting force, only to be wounded once more, they may be counted as casualties twice, and the
same is true of prisoners who may escape. Prisoners may die in captivity. Even the figure for the dead
may be wrong, depending on which side counts them and the method used. All casualty figures must,
therefore, be treated with caution. To such casualties it is possible to add those who die from natural
causes or accidents and those hurt or rendered unfit for further service for the same reasons.
The British figures give the total of their men killed or having died of wounds as 701 officers
and 7,091 non-commissioned officers and men. The wounded numbered 1,668 and 19,143
respectively. The missing and prisoners add 383 and 9,170 respectively to bring the grand total to
2,752 officers and 35,404 other ranks. To these must then be added the 339 officers and 12,911 other
ranks who died from disease and the 27 officers and 771 men who perished as a result of accidents.
The total number of deaths, taking into account those who died as prisoners, came to 1,072 officers
and 20,870 other ranks, 21,942 in all. Thus 35.5 percent were killed as a result of the fighting.
The casualties of the Boers are harder to calculate given the break-down of centralised recordkeeping as the war progressed. The Director-general of Military Intelligence, Pretoria, supplied the
following figures to the British Royal Commission which reported on the conduct of the war, which
are obviously estimates: “Transvaal men killed 3,940, died of disease 700. Orange Free State men
killed 2,610, died of disease 450. Rebels killed and died of disease 700 and foreigners 300, giving a
total of 6,550 Boers killed, 1,150 died of disease and another 1,000 dead from one or other cause. A
mortality of 8,700 men.”
The losses sustained by the black Africans are not even estimated, neither on the Boer side nor
the British.
To the figures given here must also be added the mortality of the concentration camps: 27,927
whites and at least 14,154 blacks.
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