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Military History – South Africa – Europe – England 19th Century
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.Page 116
Boers, were now the victims of a punitive expedition ordered by Commandant-general Louis
Botha and carried out by the Vryheid and Utrecht commandos under Field Cornet J. A. Potgeiter. The
settlement at Qulusini was destroyed and 1,000 sheep and goats and 3,800 cattle were taken. The
chief, Sikhobobo, informed the British magistrate at Vryheid that he was going to get the cattle back
and, early on 6 May, his impiassaulted the Boers on Zuinguin mountain, near Holkrantz, north of
Vryheid. Potgieter died together with fifty-five of his men. It was rumoured that he died of forty-five
assegai wounds.
Boer reaction to their defeat at the hands of their old enemies was twofold. First, it was taken as
an indication of the probable loss of control over the black Africans that continuing the war would
cause, and thus strengthened the hand of those advocating peace. Second, it caused bitter complaint
against the British who, the Boers thought, should have prevented unilateral action by the Zulu. An
enquiry conducted by Colonel G. A. Mills found that the Zulus in northern Natal, and the abaQulusi in
particular, had been raided repeatedly by the Boers, that their stock had been taken without payment
or receipts being given and that summary executions of black Africans had been carried out. He
reported: “The war has undoubtedly pressed very heavily on the Kaffirs [sic], as they have had to
practically feed the Boer commandos . . . many Zulu . . . are practically destitute of stock through no
fault of their own.”
See also:
Zulu, The.
Reference:
Warwick, Peter, Black People and the South African War 1899–1902 (Cambridge, Cambridge
University Press, 1983).
Hopetown
The diamond industry started with the discovery of a stone of 21.25 carats at Hopetown in 1867. The
town is on the southern bank of the Orange River in what was Cape Colony, north-west of the railway
crossing at Orange River Station. A concentration camp for whites was situated halfway between the
two at Doornbult.
See also:
Concentration Camps, White; Rhodes, Cecil.
Horses
The British lack of quick success against the Boers was in part the result of the Boers’ superior
mobility, founded on their horsemanship and their skills as horse-masters. Attempts to match the
Boers were hampered by the breeding of the horses, their care and feeding and the way they were
used. The British made use of some 500,000 horses in the course of the war, of which two-thirds
died.
Boers, that is farmers, as opposed to city-dwellers who fought against the British, were used to
hunting game with horses. Their custom was to ride to the appropriate position, dismount and use
their rifles, leaving the horse unattended to forage for food. This was the approach adopted in the war
and is typical of mounted infantry,
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