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Military History – South Africa – Europe – England 19th Century
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.Page 241
wounded and missing came to about 700 and the Boers had lost over half that number, for them a
very grievous loss. The next morning the Boers reoccupied the hill without opposition and both sides
turned their attention to the care of the wounded. In this the Indian Stretcher Corps, raised by the
young Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, performed excellent service. Buller now had to seek an
alternative route to Ladysmith.
The men of Lancashire in particular had suffered heavy losses that day, and the terraces rising
behind the goal at Liverpool’s soccer ground were named Spion Kop in their honour. The word
‘Kop’ was adopted for other sport viewpoints as well.
See also:
Indian Stretcher Corps; Ladysmith, Siege of; Vaalkrans, Battle of.
Reference:
Baker, Anthony, Battles & Battlefields of the Anglo Boer War 1899–1902 (Milton Keynes, The
Military Press, 1999); Carver, Michael, The NAM Book of the Boer War (London, Sidgwick &
Jackson, 1999); Chisholm, Ruari, Ladysmith (London, Osprey Publishing, 1979); Knight, Ian,
Colenso 1899 (London, Osprey Publishing, 1995); Marix Evans, Martin, The Boer War: South
Africa 1899–1902 (Oxford, Osprey Publishing, 1999); Pakenham, Thomas, The Boer War
(London, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1979; Abacus, 1992); Powell, Geoffrey, Buller: A
Scapegoat? (London, Leo Cooper, 1994).
Springfield
A settlement in Natal Colony twenty miles (30km) west of Colenso. Springfield (now called
Winterton) was the base for British operations on the Tugela River at Spioenkop and Vaalkrans.
See also:
Spioenkop, Battle of; Vaalkrans, Battle of.
Spruit
A small watercourse or stream, often dry.
Stad
A Boer name for a black African township.
Steyn, Marthinus Theunis,
1857–1916
Marthinus Steyn was elected president of the Orange Free State in 1895 and continued in this office
until the end of the war when, in May 1902, ill health forced him to appoint Christiaan De Wet as
Acting President. Steyn was a strong patriot and a moderate in his political stance. He worked
tirelessly to find a peaceful settlement to the differences between the Boer republics and Britain.
However, he was not prepared to sacrifice independence and was wholehearted in his support for
President Kruger of the South African Republic (Transvaal) when war came. After the fall of
Bloemfontein in March 1900 he remained in the field with the Boer forces and was deeply influential
in
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