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Military History – South Africa – Europe – England 19th Century
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7th Foot, which had become the Royal Fusiliers. He served in Ashanti in 1874 in the transport
service, in the Zulu War of 1879, in Egypt in 1882 and in the Sudan in 1885. He took command of the
6th Brigade, Third Division, in October 1899 and showed little initiative at the Battle of Colenso but
rather more in the Battle of Tugela Heights in 1900. He took part in the guerrilla war and successfully
defended Frederikstad against Chief-commandant Christiaan De Wet in October 1900. He
subsequently commanded the Pretoria garrison.
See also:
Colenso, Battle of; Frederikstad, Action at; Tugela Heights, Battle of.
Reference:
Hall, Darrell, ed. Fransjohan Pretorius and Gilbert Torlage, The Hall Handbook of the Anglo-Boer
War (Pietermaritzburg, University of Natal Press, 1999).
Basutoland
The land-locked territory, now called Lesotho, situated between the Orange Free State, Cape Colony
and Natal, remained neutral throughout the war. Neither the British, who feared the outflanking of
their colonies on either side of Basutoland, nor the Boers, who feared raids on the Orange Free State
by the Basotho, wanted the territory to be involved in the war.
Basutoland became a British colonial possession in 1868. It was a source of grain and wool and
it provided a large number of workers to the Kimberley diamond fields and to the gold mines. There
were also numerous Basotho working on Boer farms as share-croppers. The Resident Commissioner
of Basutoland, Sir Godfrey Lagden, worked closely with the Koena rulers who held day-to-day
power. He was stubborn, but not always successful, in preventing the British army from violating the
neutrality of Basutoland. The territory was also a haven for refugees; some 12–15,000 black Africans
and about 2,000 Boers found safety there. The economy was inflated by the employment of Basotho as
labourers for the British and by the sale of horses, of which about 20,000 were supplied by the end of
1901. In Basutoland, as elsewhere in South Africa, the war caused economic distortions that were to
prove problematic in the future.
See also:
Zulu, The.
Reference:
Warwick, Peter, Black People and the South African War 1899–1902 (Cambridge, Cambridge
University Press, 1983).
Beaufort West
A town in Cape Colony on the railway line between Cape Town and De Aar. Because of fears of a
local uprising by Afrikaners, it was one of fourteen Cape Colony districts placed under martial law in
December 1900, when the Boer invasion of the colony caused the British Major-general H. H. Settle
to withdraw his headquarters from De Aar to this town.
Reference:
Jones, Huw M. and Meurig G. M. Jones, A Gazetteer of the Second
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