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Military History – South Africa – Europe – England 19th Century
.Article – Online Historic Information | Military
.Page 27
& Jackson, 1999); Jones, Huw M. and Meurig G. M. Jones, A Gazetteer of the Second AngloBoer War 1899–1902 (Milton Keynes, The Military Press, 1999).
Bloemfontein, Advance from,
May 1900
Three major problems had to be overcome by Lord Roberts before his advance from Bloemfontein to
Johannesburg and Pretoria could begin. There were supply shortages, in part resulting from the
centralised control of transport unwisely introduced, a lack of horses resulting from the demands
made on the cavalry, and the presence of disease amongst the troops. When the advance began on 3
May, Roberts got significant reinforcements which allowed him to envelop, or enfold, with flanking
movements every Boer attempt to stop them – at Brandfort, on the Vet River, and on the Zand River.
Troops supporting Roberts’s advance to the east fought the Boers at Biddulphsberg and Lindley.
Three British columns advanced on 3 May and a considerable section of the army was charged
with holding Bloemfontein and guarding railway supply lines against the Boers. Roberts knew he was
leaving behind his lines. Lieutenant-general T. Kelly-Kenny’s 6th Division was left behind while, in
the centre, Roberts rode with Lieutenant-general C. Tucker’s 7th Division and Brigadier-general R.
Pole-Carew’s 11th Division, with four Corps of Mounted Infantry under Major-general E. T. H.
Hutton. On his right was the Wimburg Column of Lieutenant-general Ian Hamilton, including Majorgeneral H. L. Smith-Dorrien’s 19th Brigade, Major-general Bruce Hamilton’s 21st Brigade,
Brigadiergeneral R. G. Broadwood’s 2nd Cavalry Brigade and Brigadier-general C. P. Ridley’s
Mounted Infantry. On the west Lieutenant-general Sir A. Hunter’s column included Colonel Bryan
Mahon’s Flying Column, which went to relieve the siege at Mafeking, and Lieutenant-general Lord
Methuen’s column, which was to move from Kimberley and Boshof towards Johannesburg. In total
some 44,000 men, 120 guns, 2,500 wagons, 11,000 horses, 22,000 mules and 40,000 oxen were
involved.
See also:
Biddulphsberg, Battle of; Brandfort, Action at; Doornkop, Battle of; Lindley, Battle of;
Mafeking, Siege of; Zand River, Battle of.
Reference:
Baker, Anthony, Battles & Battlefields of the Anglo-Boer War 1899–1902 (Milton Keynes, The
Military Press, 1999); Hall, Darrell, ed. Fransjohan Pretorius and Gilbert Torlage, The Hall
Handbook of the Anglo-Boer War (Pietermaritzburg, University of Natal Press, 1999);
Pakenham, Thomas, The Boer War (London, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1979; Abacus, 1992).
Bloemfontein Convention,
1854
The Convention, signed on behalf of Britain by Sir George Clerk, granted the Orange River
Sovereignty independence on much the same terms as was agreed with the Transvaal (by now the
South African Republic) in the Sand River Convention of 1852.
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