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Military History – South Africa – Europe – England 19th Century
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deny its future use to the Boers and to supplement the British supply capability. Burnham, with a
black African companion, went behind the enemy lines to blow up the lines and prevent the removal
of the wagons. After the fall of Pretoria in June 1900 it was assumed that Burnham’s work was over
and he left South Africa.
See also:
Paardeberg, Battle of; Sannaspos, Battle of.
Reference:
Burnham, Frederick Russell, ed. Mary N. Everett, Scouting on Two Continents (New York,
Doubleday, Doran & Co, 1928); Marix Evans, Martin, The Boer War: South Africa 1899–1902
(Oxford, Osprey Publishing, 1999).
Byng, Lieutenant-Colonel Julian,
1862–1935
When he was detached from Sir Redvers Buller’s staff in late 1899, Byng raised the South African
Light Horse and led them in the Battle of Tugela Heights. He was one of the leading commanders in
the sweeps that characterised the guerrilla phase of the war. Later, in the First World War he took
over the command of British forces at Gallipoli and organised the successful withdrawal. He then
became commander of the Canadian forces and led them against Vimy Ridge. After the war he
became Governor-general of Canada.
See also:
Tugela Heights, Battle of.
Reference:
Pope, Stephen & Elizabeth-Anne Wheal, The Macmillan Dictionary of the First World War
(London, Macmillan, 1995); Pakenham, Thomas, The Boer War (London, Weidenfeld &
Nicolson, 1979; Abacus, 1992).
Bywoner
An itinerant farm worker, who pays for food and accommodation with labour; also a share-cropper or
tenant, living on another’s farm. Men who scraped a livelihood in this fashion were likely to join the
British in the hope of bettering themselves.
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