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Military History – South Africa – Europe – England 19th Century
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deposited and went back to the laager again, with brand new Mausers in their hands”. On 14
September 1900 his paper published an article in which Paterson wrote: “People who know the facts
are of the opinion that no Boers should be left on the farms till the war is over. Even if the farmers
did not wish to fight any more, the first commando that came along would make then come out and
fight.”
See also:
European Views of the War; Journalists.
Reference:
Wallace, R. L., The Australians at the Boer War (Canberra, The Australian War Memorial and the
Australian Government Publishing Service, 1976).
Peace Negotiations
To the British, the Boer determination to persist with the war after the irresistible advance of the
British armies, which began in May 1900, was difficult to understand; as far as they were concerned,
the Boer defeat was inevitable. However, the British underestimated the Boer desire for
independence, their belief that God was on their side and their growing stubbornness in the face of
British land clearance policies. Thus the first overtures made by Sir Redvers Buller to Assistant
Commandant-general C. Botha at Langs Nek in June 1900 came to nothing. Further efforts to contact
the Boers with a view to starting talks were hampered by the Boer tendency to regard any of their
own people making such an approach as traitors and either to shoot them out of hand or to execute
them after trial. In February 1901 the British Commander-in-Chief, Lord Kitchener, met Commandantgeneral Louis Botha at Middelburg but the proposals emerging from that discussion were rejected by
the Boers. In April and May 1902 negotiations were conducted in Pretoria, with the Boer
representatives subject to the decisions of their own conference being held in Vereeniging, some fifty
miles (80km) to the south on the River Vaal. For their part, the British representatives were subject to
the approval of the government in London. In the final terms of the peace treaty, the Boers sacrificed
their independence and the British sacrificed the rights of their black African and coloured citizens.
The Middelburg proposals, which eventually formed the basis of the final peace treaty, offered
the Boers: an amnesty; the repatriation of their prisoners-of-war; the status of first Crown Colony, but
eventually selfgoverning; equal standing for the two languages, Dutch and English; respect for
property; payment of certain Boer debts and limited compensation; and no change to the franchise as
regards “Kaffirs”. These were modified by the Colonial Secretary in London, Joseph Chamberlain, to
secure the Kaffirs (sic) the same standing as those in Cape Colony and the details of the amnesty
offered were changed to grant less safety to Boer sympathisers within British colonial territories.
These proposals were rejected by the Boers.
When, eventually, more substantial discussions were planned for April 1902, following the
Klerksdorp conference, safe conduct documents were
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